Homebrew is a Chocolatey-like (open source and not first-class) package manager for macOS. It is the most commonly used way to install and manage tools and apps on macOS from the CLI.
I was actually surprised to find that ProGet doesn't support it, seeing that it has support for Chocolatey, APT, and Yum. It would definitely be a must-have for macOS support. There really isn't any other popular package manager for macOS.
Homebrew uses Git behind the scenes for fetching packages, and they do have support for adding additional feeds (called "taps").